While a dandelion is edible, avoid eating its stem, which contains a milky sap.

During a hiking emergency, the time may came when you need to forage to get you by for a few hours until you reach safety. To forage, though, you’ll need to know which plants to avoid – that is, which plants are poisonous.

Generally, any wild plants with the following characteristics are poisonous (or they at least will make you very sick and hence dehydrate you):
• Almond-like scent
• Beans, bulbs or seeds inside a pod
• Black or pink spurs on grain heads
• Group of three leaves
• Milky sap
• Shiny leaves
• Spines, thorns or hairs on stem (exceptions are plants with aggregate berries, such as blackberries and raspberries)
• Umbrella-shaped flowers
• White berries

In addition, just because you’ve seen an animal eat a plant, don’t presume it’s safe for you. Those animals have evolved to eat that type of plant. For example. birds often enjoy holly berries, but they are toxic to virtually all other animals.

By Rob Bignell

Author Rob Bignell is an avid hiker, long-time editor, and former infantry grunt. He's scaled summits almost two miles high, crossed America’s driest deserts, and walked beneath trees soaring 15 stories over his head. Now he shares his hiking experiences with you to ensure you and your family enjoy the perfect day hike through his various hiking guidebook series - "Best Sights to See," "Hittin' the Trail," "Headin' to the Cabin," and "Hikes with Tykes."

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